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## NO EXPANSION AND NO ACCELERATED EXPANSION

First, let’s attack the Big Bang theory because this theory is a fundamental obstacles to progress in science.  Let’s remember first that the idea that discovery of Cosmic Background Radiation somehow was evidence for Big Bang is silly.  Predictions of temperature of space existed from late 1890s to 1950s with much more accurate figures for the temperature — this paper covers this: reinterpreting-cmb.  A thermal equilibrium of 2.7K is not very hard to explain in a static nonexpanding universe.

Now to explain the redshift in the original static Einstein spacetime; $S^3(R)\times\mathbf{R}$ with the obvious Lorentzian metric with proper time in the second factor: the frequency-wavelength relationship is not the same as in flat space.  To see this, consider waves on a circle versus a sphere.  The eigenvalues of Laplacian (for standing waves) are $Cn^2$ versus $C n(n+2)$.  Suppose they are the latter and you assume the former was the case.  Then there will be a discrepancy in the wavelengths that accumulates proportional to the distance.  This is what is happening with the observed redshifts.  So the redshift is a MATHEMATICAL ARTIFACT of ignoring curvature of a static spherical universe and not a physical feature at all.  This is my explanation of the redshift.  It differs from the steady state Fritz Zwicky tired light explanation which says that light traveling over long distances get absorbed and re-emitted by dust.  I don’t think that is what’s going on because there is no blurring (standard big bang critique).

There is something new that has to be addressed.  This is the supernova measurements for which the conclusion was for accelerated expansion.  Here, we are dealing with very massive objects and the extra redshift is a physical phenomenon, it is Einstein’s gravitational redshift (due to time dilation).  But thanks to the following analysis, we know that this can be corrected:  gravitationalredshift

The static Einstein universe is actually a much better model than Big Bang anyway since the intrinsic curvature of the universe explains the cosmological constant and removes ‘dark energy’ which is just another artifact of a silly model.  The Big Bang never happened.  It’s a gigantic creation myth with a quantitative model that seemed to have stuck.  It’s a disaster for science.  The quantum gravity issues would have been resolved 50 years ago if not for this silly theory by keeping the focus of physicists on real issues rather than Christian theology.

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